The Gods Break Through in Uganda,
The Nende Files
This is the complete
original version, a few sentances were vut from the version that
appeared in Lapis
Magazine, Issue 4, Spring 1997.
I had been to Nsambya Hospital
seven years earlier, to interview Sister Nelizinho Carvalho, a heroic nun
who had started the first blood-screening program in AIDS-ravaged Kampala.
This time I was looking for Father John Mary Waliggo, an expert on the
traditional culture of the Baganda tribe. I found him having tea in the
refectory with three fellow priests. They invited me to join them, and
we got talking about the old Baganda gods.
"Our gods were people with special
powers, like saints." Father Waliggo explained. "Everybody who did something
extraordinary was divined."
Kibuuka, the god of war, for instance,
had been a warlord during the time of the sixth kabaka, or king, of Buganda,
around 1550. He is supposed to have made wings from animal skins so he
could fly like a bat. A half-disintegrated reliquary containing his genitals
and jawbone is on display in the National Museum. Nende was the god
of "plague attacks"-- sleeping sickness and rinderpest-- although bubonic
plague itself was the purview of another god, Kawimpule. "We would like
a god of AIDS," one of the other priests told me. Mukasa was the
goddess of Lake Victoria and of procreation. If a couple had twins they
were considered to be a blessing of Mukasa.
Each of these deified ancestors
still has a shrine that is attended by hereditary keepers, usually old
women belonging to the clan of the god's spouse, and when someone comes
to ask for help, the god speaks through one of the keepers, who becomes
possessed with his or her spirit.
“Are the old gods really alive for
the Baganda, now that most are devout Christians?” I asked, and Father
Waliggo said, "How can they go ? Where can they go ? They are part and
parcel of us. Each of us has a name that comes from an ancestor, and by
that name the ancestor lives. The dead kabakas are very important because
they are living. Our dead are never dead completely. We say they have migrated,
but whenever something important is happening in the family, they are there.
That is why some Baganda first pour a little of their beverage to the ground
before drinking themselves, to remember the others they have buried."
The priests had to get
back to their patients. I thanked them for the tutorial in Baganda eschatology
and walked out behind the church to my waiting taxi, passing a small
cemetery with a few dozen white crosses. In a clearing beside the cemetery
a dozen men and women were standing in a semi-circle, singing hymns in
hauntingly beautiful acapella harmonies, probably rehearsing for Sunday.
I stopped to listen. It was that time of day in the tropics, fifteen minutes
or so before sunset, when the leaves become irridescent blue
and everything, for an incandescent instant, glows softly. The phenomenon,
as I understand it, is caused by the horizontal shafts of the sinking sun
being filtered through surface vapor, which produces a sudden change in
color temperature like alpenglow, except objects are illuminated by the
cool instead of the hot end of the spectrum. I happened to be looking
at the crosses just as the slipping light caught them. For
about twenty seconds they were extremely white, like sun-dazzled snow.
Then they returned to normal, and I was left wondering whether it had just
been a trick of light that I had witnessed, or a stand of departed Baganda
obliquely confirming the truth of Father Waliggo's remarks, or their
afterglow.
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